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burning glass - перевод на голландский
LARGE CONVEX LENS THAT CAN CONCENTRATE THE SUN'S RAYS ONTO A SMALL AREA, HEATING UP THE AREA AND THUS RESULTING IN IGNITION OF THE EXPOSED SURFACE
Burning-mirror; Burning-glass; Burning lens; Fire lens; Burning Glass
![A makeshift burning glass, using the eyepiece of a [[telescope]], being used to burn a leaf.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leaf being burned with telescope.jpg?width=200 "A makeshift burning glass, using the eyepiece of a [[telescope]], being used to burn a leaf.")
burning glass
brandglas {verzameld de hitte van de zonnestralen}
stained glass
![Arms]] of [[Unterwalden]], 1564, with typical painted details, extensive ''silver stain'', ''Cousin's rose'' on the face, and flashed ''ruby glass'' with abraded white motif.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Muzeum Sułkowskich - Zabytkowy Witraż.jpg?width=200 "Arms]] of [[Unterwalden]], 1564, with typical painted details, extensive ''silver stain'', ''Cousin's rose'' on the face, and flashed ''ruby glass'' with abraded white motif.")
![Detail from a 13th-century window in the [[Basilica of Saint-Quentin]] depicting the creation of a stained glass window in Middle Ages.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Détail vitrail st Etienne photo.png?width=200 "Detail from a 13th-century window in the [[Basilica of Saint-Quentin]] depicting the creation of a stained glass window in Middle Ages.")
![Visitation]]''; pot metal, including white glass, black vitreous paint, yellow silver stain, and olive-green enamel. The plant patterns in the red sky are formed by scratching away black paint from the red glass before firing. Restored with new lead cames.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained Glass Panel with the Visitation MET MED700.jpg?width=200 "Visitation]]''; pot metal, including white glass, black vitreous paint, yellow silver stain, and olive-green enamel. The plant patterns in the red sky are formed by scratching away black paint from the red glass before firing. Restored with new lead cames.")
![9780892365791}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=kiA2AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA196 google books]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ecce Homo (one of a pair) MET DT279321 (cropped).jpg?width=200 "9780892365791}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=kiA2AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA196 google books]")
 Collegiale 150223.JPG?width=200 "A 19th-century window illustrates the range of colours common in both Medieval and Gothic Revival glass, Lucien Begule, Lyon (1896).")
![A 16th-century window by [[Arnold of Nijmegen]] showing the combination of painted glass and intense colour common in Renaissance windows.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/N-D de Tournai Tax on food stalls.JPG?width=200 "A 16th-century window by [[Arnold of Nijmegen]] showing the combination of painted glass and intense colour common in Renaissance windows.")
![Maquette by [[Heaton, Butler and Bayne]], 19th-century English manufacturers.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heaton, Butler and Bayne01.png?width=200 "Maquette by [[Heaton, Butler and Bayne]], 19th-century English manufacturers.")
![Sé Velha de Coimbra]], [[Portugal]], showing a modern steel armature.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pt-coimbra-sevelha3.jpg?width=200 "Sé Velha de Coimbra]], [[Portugal]], showing a modern steel armature.")
![[[Thomas Becket]] window from [[Canterbury]] showing the ''pot metal'' and painted glass, lead H-sectioned ''cames'', modern steel rods and copper wire attachments.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Canterbury Cathedral 012 window showing leading and support.JPG?width=200 "[[Thomas Becket]] window from [[Canterbury]] showing the ''pot metal'' and painted glass, lead H-sectioned ''cames'', modern steel rods and copper wire attachments.")
![Skilled glass cutting and leading in a 19th-century window at [[Meaux Cathedral]], [[France]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Meaux Vitrail 1867 30808 3.jpg?width=200 "Skilled glass cutting and leading in a 19th-century window at [[Meaux Cathedral]], [[France]].")
![Detail from a 19th or 20th-century window in [[Eyneburg]], [[Belgium]], showing detailed polychrome painting of face.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eyneburg 7.jpg?width=200 "Detail from a 19th or 20th-century window in [[Eyneburg]], [[Belgium]], showing detailed polychrome painting of face.")
![A [[perfume]] flask from 100 BC to 200 AD](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alabastron Italy Louvre S2375.jpg?width=200 "A [[perfume]] flask from 100 BC to 200 AD")
![The [[Portland Vase]], a rare example of Roman flashed glass](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portland Vase BM Gem4036 n5.jpg?width=200 "The [[Portland Vase]], a rare example of Roman flashed glass")
![An alabaster window in [[Orvieto Cathedral]], Italy](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Orvieto083.jpg?width=200 "An alabaster window in [[Orvieto Cathedral]], Italy")
![Extensive stained glasses of [[Nasir-ol-Molk Mosque]] in Shiraz, Iran and the light passing through them](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nasir-al molk -1.jpg?width=200 "Extensive stained glasses of [[Nasir-ol-Molk Mosque]] in Shiraz, Iran and the light passing through them")
![Stained glass in Dowlat Abad Garden at [[Yazd]], [[Iran]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained glass Photo From Sahand Ace..jpg?width=200 "Stained glass in Dowlat Abad Garden at [[Yazd]], [[Iran]]")
![From a mosque in [[Jerusalem]], this window contains highly detailed text.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained glass window in a mosque in the Old City of Jerusalem (12393551704).jpg?width=200 "From a mosque in [[Jerusalem]], this window contains highly detailed text.")
![Detail of a 13th-century window from [[Chartres Cathedral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitrail Chartres 210209 07.jpg?width=200 "Detail of a 13th-century window from [[Chartres Cathedral]]")
![''Charlemagne'' from a Romanesque window in [[Strasbourg Cathedral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Musee-de-l-Oeuvre-Notre-Dame-Strasbourg-IMG 1465 crop.JPG?width=200 "''Charlemagne'' from a Romanesque window in [[Strasbourg Cathedral]]")
![The [[Crucifixion]] window of [[Poitiers Cathedral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Poitiers, Cathédrale Saint-Pierre -PM 34985 lighter.JPG?width=200 "The [[Crucifixion]] window of [[Poitiers Cathedral]]")
![Late Gothic [[Tree of Jesse]] window from [[Evreux Cathedral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitrail Cathédrale d'Evreux 22 02 09 13.jpg?width=200 "Late Gothic [[Tree of Jesse]] window from [[Evreux Cathedral]]")
![''King David'' from [[Augsburg]] Cathedral, early 12th century. One of the oldest examples in situ.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/King David in Augsburg Cathedral light.JPG?width=200 "''King David'' from [[Augsburg]] Cathedral, early 12th century. One of the oldest examples in situ.")
![''Crucifixion with Ss Catherine, George and Margaret'', Leechkirche, [[Graz]], Austria](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Graz_Leechkirche_20061105_adjusted.JPG?width=200 "''Crucifixion with Ss Catherine, George and Margaret'', Leechkirche, [[Graz]], Austria")
![[[Ulm Munster]], ''The Last Judgement'' by Hans Acker (1430)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ulm-Muenster-BessererKapelle-SuedFenster adjusted.JPG?width=200 "[[Ulm Munster]], ''The Last Judgement'' by Hans Acker (1430)")
![The windows of the choir of [[Cologne Cathedral]], (early 14th century)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Koeln-Hohe Domkirche St Peter und Maria-Zentrum des Chorobergadens mit Koenigsfenstern.jpg?width=200 "The windows of the choir of [[Cologne Cathedral]], (early 14th century)")
![Detail of a [[Tree of Jesse]] from York Minster (c. 1170), the oldest stained-glass window in England.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/England YorkMinster JesseTree c1170.JPG?width=200 "Detail of a [[Tree of Jesse]] from York Minster (c. 1170), the oldest stained-glass window in England.")
![The [[Poor Man's Bible]] Window from [[Canterbury Cathedral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Canterbury Cathedral 020 Poor Mans Bbible Window 01 adj.JPG?width=200 "The [[Poor Man's Bible]] Window from [[Canterbury Cathedral]]")
![South transept window at [[Canterbury Cathedral]], 13th century](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Canterbury Cathedral window crop.JPG?width=200 "South transept window at [[Canterbury Cathedral]], 13th century")
![The west window of [[York Minster]] (1338–39)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/York York minster windows 003 crop.JPG?width=200 "The west window of [[York Minster]] (1338–39)")
![''The Resurrection'', [[Paolo Uccello]] (1443–45), one of a series in the dome of [[Florence Cathedral]] designed by renowned Renaissance artists.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paolo uccello, vetrata della resurrezione.jpg?width=200 "''The Resurrection'', [[Paolo Uccello]] (1443–45), one of a series in the dome of [[Florence Cathedral]] designed by renowned Renaissance artists.")
![Giovanni di Domenico, ''The Angel of the Annunciation'', 1498–1503, [[National Gallery of Art]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Giovanni di Domenico, The Angel of the Annunciation, 1498-1503, NGA 1472.jpg?width=200 "Giovanni di Domenico, ''The Angel of the Annunciation'', 1498–1503, [[National Gallery of Art]].")
![Stained glass from [[Seville Cathedral]], Enrique Alemán, 1479](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vidriera de la capilla de San Hermenegildo. (Catedral de Sevilla).jpg?width=200 "Stained glass from [[Seville Cathedral]], Enrique Alemán, 1479")
![[[Auch Cathedral]] (France), Renaissance stained glass by Arnaud de Moles (detail), 1507–1513).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/De-moles-vitrail.jpg?width=200 "[[Auch Cathedral]] (France), Renaissance stained glass by Arnaud de Moles (detail), 1507–1513).")
![''[[Tree of Jesse]]'' window, Church of St-Étienne, [[Beauvais]], France, Engrand Le Prince (1522–1524).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beauvais (60), église Saint-Étienne, baie n° 5 a.jpg?width=200 "''[[Tree of Jesse]]'' window, Church of St-Étienne, [[Beauvais]], France, Engrand Le Prince (1522–1524).")
![Detail of [[Adam and Eve]] from the Cathedral of St-Etienne, [[Châlons-en-Champagne]], France.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chalons-en-Champagne (81-A) straight.JPG?width=200 "Detail of [[Adam and Eve]] from the Cathedral of St-Etienne, [[Châlons-en-Champagne]], France.")
![[[Renaissance]] window in the church of SS Giovanni and Paolo, [[Venice]] 16th century.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained glass window of right transept of Santi Giovanni e Paolo (Venice).jpg?width=200 "[[Renaissance]] window in the church of SS Giovanni and Paolo, [[Venice]] 16th century.")
![Window of the Conversion of St Paol, Chapel od St James, [[Seville Cathedral]], Spain, Visente Mentdo, 1560](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Conversión de San Pablo, Vicente Menardo.jpg?width=200 "Window of the Conversion of St Paol, Chapel od St James, [[Seville Cathedral]], Spain, Visente Mentdo, 1560")
![''The Triumph of Freedom of Conscience'', [[Sint Janskerk]], maker Adriaen Gerritszoon de Vrije (Gouda); design Joachim Wtewael (Utrecht) (1595–1600).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gouda-Sint-Janskerk-Glas01.jpg?width=200 "''The Triumph of Freedom of Conscience'', [[Sint Janskerk]], maker Adriaen Gerritszoon de Vrije (Gouda); design Joachim Wtewael (Utrecht) (1595–1600).")
![Domestic window by [[Dirck Crabeth]] for the house of Adriaen Dircxzoon van Crimpen of Leiden (1543). The windows show scenes from the lives of the Prophet Samuel and the Apostle Paul. Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paris ArtsDécoratifs Paulus 54.JPG?width=200 "Domestic window by [[Dirck Crabeth]] for the house of Adriaen Dircxzoon van Crimpen of Leiden (1543). The windows show scenes from the lives of the Prophet Samuel and the Apostle Paul. Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris.")
![''The [[Passion of Christ]]'': the Capture and Crucifixion, Saint-Pierre, [[Limours]], Essonne, France (1520).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Limours Saint-Pierre 738 adjusted.JPG?width=200 "''The [[Passion of Christ]]'': the Capture and Crucifixion, Saint-Pierre, [[Limours]], Essonne, France (1520).")
![The story of how the ''[[Crown of Thorns]]'' passed from [[John of Brienne]] and [[Baldwin II of Constantinople]] to Saint [[Louis IX of France]], [[Moulins Cathedral]] (16th century).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitrail Cathédrale de Moulins 160609 17.jpg?width=200 "The story of how the ''[[Crown of Thorns]]'' passed from [[John of Brienne]] and [[Baldwin II of Constantinople]] to Saint [[Louis IX of France]], [[Moulins Cathedral]] (16th century).")
![Death and Assumption]] of the Virgin Mary'', Church of SS Ägidius and Koloman, [[Steyr]], Austria.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stadtpfarrkirche Steyr - Renaissancefenster crop detail.JPG?width=200 "Death and Assumption]] of the Virgin Mary'', Church of SS Ägidius and Koloman, [[Steyr]], Austria.")
![Detail, ''Apostles John and Paul'', [[Hardman of Birmingham]], 1861–67, typical of Hardman in its elegant arrangement of figures and purity of colour. [[St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/St Andrews window 08 6 west John and Paul.jpg?width=200 "Detail, ''Apostles John and Paul'', [[Hardman of Birmingham]], 1861–67, typical of Hardman in its elegant arrangement of figures and purity of colour. [[St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney]]")
![Ward and Nixon]] (1855), is a formal arrangement of small narrative scenes in roundels](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lincoln Cathedral East window.jpg?width=200 "Ward and Nixon]] (1855), is a formal arrangement of small narrative scenes in roundels")
![[[William Wailes]]. This window has the bright pastel colour, wealth of inventive ornament, and stereotypical gestures of windows by this firm. St Mary's, Chilham](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chilham StMarys EastWindow19thC.JPG?width=200 "[[William Wailes]]. This window has the bright pastel colour, wealth of inventive ornament, and stereotypical gestures of windows by this firm. St Mary's, Chilham")
![[[Clayton and Bell]]. A narrative window with elegant forms and colour which is both brilliant and subtle in its combinations. [[Peterborough Cathedral]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peterborough Cathedral glass 02 b.JPG?width=200 "[[Clayton and Bell]]. A narrative window with elegant forms and colour which is both brilliant and subtle in its combinations. [[Peterborough Cathedral]]")
![Detail of a "Tree of Jesse" window in [[Reims Cathedral]] designed in the 13th-century style by L. Steiheil and painted by Coffetier for Viollet-le-Duc, (1861).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitrail du 19ème siècle Reims 020208 03.jpg?width=200 "Detail of a \"Tree of Jesse\" window in [[Reims Cathedral]] designed in the 13th-century style by L. Steiheil and painted by Coffetier for Viollet-le-Duc, (1861).")
![''St Louis administering Justice'' by Lobin in the painterly style (19th century) Church of St Medard, [[Thouars]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thouars église St Médard (10).JPG?width=200 "''St Louis administering Justice'' by Lobin in the painterly style (19th century) Church of St Medard, [[Thouars]].")
![A brilliantly coloured window at [[Cassagnes-Bégonhès]], [[Aveyron]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cassagnes vitrail 1.JPG?width=200 "A brilliantly coloured window at [[Cassagnes-Bégonhès]], [[Aveyron]].")
![West window from [[Saint-Urbain, Troyes]] (about 1900).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitrail Saint-Urbain Troyes 110208 05.jpg?width=200 "West window from [[Saint-Urbain, Troyes]] (about 1900).")
![One of five windows donated to [[Cologne Cathedral]] by [[Ludwig II]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cathedral 2 by andy205.jpg?width=200 "One of five windows donated to [[Cologne Cathedral]] by [[Ludwig II]]")
![Ghent Cathedral]], Belgium](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ghent Cathedral stained glass.jpg?width=200 "Ghent Cathedral]], Belgium")
![St Maurice's Church]], Olomouc, [[Czech Republic]], early 20th century](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained glass in Saint Maurice churche, Olomouc.jpg?width=200 "St Maurice's Church]], Olomouc, [[Czech Republic]], early 20th century")
![''God the Creator'' by [[Stanisław Wyspiański]], this window has no glass painting, but relies entirely on leadlines and skilful placement of colour and tone. Franciscan Church, [[Kraków]] (c. 1900)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kraków - Church of St. Francis - Stained glass 01.jpg?width=200 "''God the Creator'' by [[Stanisław Wyspiański]], this window has no glass painting, but relies entirely on leadlines and skilful placement of colour and tone. Franciscan Church, [[Kraków]] (c. 1900)")
![Window by [[Alfons Mucha]], [[Saint Vitus Cathedral]] Prague, has a montage of images, rather than a tightly organised visual structure, creating an Expressionistic effect.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mucha window in St Vitus.JPG?width=200 "Window by [[Alfons Mucha]], [[Saint Vitus Cathedral]] Prague, has a montage of images, rather than a tightly organised visual structure, creating an Expressionistic effect.")
![Art Nouveau by Jacques Grüber, the glass harmonising with the curving architectural forms that surround it, [[Musée de l'École de Nancy]] (1904).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aquarium de l'Ecole de Nancy 04 by Line1.jpg?width=200 "Art Nouveau by Jacques Grüber, the glass harmonising with the curving architectural forms that surround it, [[Musée de l'École de Nancy]] (1904).")
![Many of the distinctive types of glass invented by Tiffany are demonstrated within this single small panel including "[[fracture-streamer glass]]" and "[[drapery glass]]".](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Girl with Cherry Blossoms - Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company, c. 1890.JPG?width=200 "Many of the distinctive types of glass invented by Tiffany are demonstrated within this single small panel including \"[[fracture-streamer glass]]\" and \"[[drapery glass]]\".")
![North Easton, MA]] shows the use of tiny panes contrasting with large areas of opalescent glass. Window restored by Victor Rothman Stained Glass, Yonkers NY.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John LaFarge, Angel of Help (North Easton, MA).JPG?width=200 "North Easton, MA]] shows the use of tiny panes contrasting with large areas of opalescent glass. Window restored by Victor Rothman Stained Glass, Yonkers NY.")
![''Religion Enthroned'', [[J&R Lamb Studios]], designer Frederick Stymetz Lamb, c. 1900. [[Brooklyn Museum]]. Symmetrical design, "Aesthetic Style", a limited palette and extensive use of mottled glass.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Religion Enthroned 1900.jpg?width=200 "''Religion Enthroned'', [[J&R Lamb Studios]], designer Frederick Stymetz Lamb, c. 1900. [[Brooklyn Museum]]. Symmetrical design, \"Aesthetic Style\", a limited palette and extensive use of mottled glass.")
![etched glass]] for the sunrise, with textured glass used to create the effect of moving water.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Holy City.jpg?width=200 "etched glass]] for the sunrise, with textured glass used to create the effect of moving water.")
![A trompe l'oeil glass c. 1884, Eugène Stanislas Oudinot, design [[Richard Morris Hunt]], for home of [[Henry Gurdon Marquand]], [[New York City]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henry G. Marquand House Conservatory Stained Glass Window.jpg?width=200 "A trompe l'oeil glass c. 1884, Eugène Stanislas Oudinot, design [[Richard Morris Hunt]], for home of [[Henry Gurdon Marquand]], [[New York City]].")
![[[De Stijl]] abstraction by [[Theo van Doesburg]], [[Netherlands]] (1917)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Theo van Doesburg - Composition with window with coloured glass III.JPG?width=200 "[[De Stijl]] abstraction by [[Theo van Doesburg]], [[Netherlands]] (1917)")
![Expressionist]] window by [[Marc Chagall]], at All Saints' Church, Tudeley, Kent, UK](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tudeley church window.jpg?width=200 "Expressionist]] window by [[Marc Chagall]], at All Saints' Church, Tudeley, Kent, UK")
![''Christ of the Eucharist'' designed by [[Dom Charles Norris]] from [[Buckfast Abbey]], [[Devon]], England, slab glass.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitro_buckfast.jpg?width=200 "''Christ of the Eucharist'' designed by [[Dom Charles Norris]] from [[Buckfast Abbey]], [[Devon]], England, slab glass.")
![Abstract]], Sergio de Castro, detail of [[Jonah]] window for the Collegiate of [[Romont]] [[Switzerland]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sergio de Castro, vitrail de Jonas.jpg?width=200 "Abstract]], Sergio de Castro, detail of [[Jonah]] window for the Collegiate of [[Romont]] [[Switzerland]].")
![Postmodernist symbolism]], ''Tree of Life'' at Christinae church, Alingsås, Sweden.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christinae kyrka tree of life01.jpg?width=200 "Postmodernist symbolism]], ''Tree of Life'' at Christinae church, Alingsås, Sweden.")
![Thin slices of [[agate]] set into lead and glass, [[Grossmünster]], Zürich, Switzerland, by Sigmar Polke (2009)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grossmünster - Innenansicht IMG 6434 ShiftN.jpg?width=200 "Thin slices of [[agate]] set into lead and glass, [[Grossmünster]], Zürich, Switzerland, by Sigmar Polke (2009)")
![''Madonna and Child'' by [[Joseph Ehrismann]], late 1910s. (Église Saint-André, [[Meistratzheim]]). Combines a traditional representation in a [[mandorla]] with an [[Art Nouveau]] style celestial background.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Meistratzheim StAndré 60.JPG?width=200 "''Madonna and Child'' by [[Joseph Ehrismann]], late 1910s. (Église Saint-André, [[Meistratzheim]]). Combines a traditional representation in a [[mandorla]] with an [[Art Nouveau]] style celestial background.")
![Mid-20th-century window showing a continuation of ancient and 19th-century methods applied to a modern historical subject. [[Florence Nightingale]] window at St Peters, Derby, made for the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Derby DRI stained glass window at St Peters squared.JPG?width=200 "Mid-20th-century window showing a continuation of ancient and 19th-century methods applied to a modern historical subject. [[Florence Nightingale]] window at St Peters, Derby, made for the Derbyshire Royal Infirmary")
![Figurative design using the lead lines and minimal glass paint in the 13th-century manner combined with the texture of [[Cathedral glass]], Ins, Switzerland](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ins Kirchenfenster.jpg?width=200 "Figurative design using the lead lines and minimal glass paint in the 13th-century manner combined with the texture of [[Cathedral glass]], Ins, Switzerland")
![The principal window of the Temple of Maipú, Chile, depicting the Virgin Mary and Christ Child, by [[Adolfo Winternitz]], showing the traditional use of blue as the predominant colour, emphasising an association with [[Heaven]] and creating an ambience in the interior.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vitral Templo Maipu.JPG?width=200 "The principal window of the Temple of Maipú, Chile, depicting the Virgin Mary and Christ Child, by [[Adolfo Winternitz]], showing the traditional use of blue as the predominant colour, emphasising an association with [[Heaven]] and creating an ambience in the interior.")
![The dazzling display of medieval glass at [[Sainte-Chapelle]], Paris](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sainte-Chapelle Choeur.JPG?width=200 "The dazzling display of medieval glass at [[Sainte-Chapelle]], Paris")
![Holocaust Memorial Synagogue, Darmstadt]], designed by artist [[Brian Clarke]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/New Synagogue Darmstadt.jpg?width=200 "Holocaust Memorial Synagogue, Darmstadt]], designed by artist [[Brian Clarke]]")
 - Foto G. Dall'Orto 28-5-2006.jpg?width=200 "Interior of the Blue Mosque, Istanbul.")
![[[Sint Janskerk]] in [[Gouda, South Holland]], The Netherlands](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/St. Jan te Gouda 2.jpg?width=200 "[[Sint Janskerk]] in [[Gouda, South Holland]], The Netherlands")
![[[St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney]] has a cycle of 19th-century windows by [[Hardman of Birmingham]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/St Andrews Sydney 07 across the nave c.jpg?width=200 "[[St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney]] has a cycle of 19th-century windows by [[Hardman of Birmingham]]")
![Cathedral of St. John the Baptist]] in [[Savannah, Georgia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Savannah cathedral 2015 17 046.jpg?width=200 "Cathedral of St. John the Baptist]] in [[Savannah, Georgia]]")
![[[Coventry Cathedral]] England, has a series of windows by different designers.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained Glass Windows - Coventry Cathedral.jpg?width=200 "[[Coventry Cathedral]] England, has a series of windows by different designers.")
![Late 20th-century stained glass from Temple Ohev Sholom, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania by [[Ascalon Studios]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Temple Ohev Sholom Stained Glass, Ascalon Studios, David Ascalon.jpg?width=200 "Late 20th-century stained glass from Temple Ohev Sholom, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania by [[Ascalon Studios]].")
![Stained glass in the crypt Mausoleum of the [[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels (Los Angeles)]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LA Cathedral Mausoleum.jpg?width=200 "Stained glass in the crypt Mausoleum of the [[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels (Los Angeles)]]")
![Commemoration of War Dead, Community Mausoleum of [[All Saints Cemetery]], Des Plaines, Illinois](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stained glass commemorating the war dead, Community Mausoleum of All Saints Cemetery, Des Plaines, Illinois.jpg?width=200 "Commemoration of War Dead, Community Mausoleum of [[All Saints Cemetery]], Des Plaines, Illinois")
![Chapel stained glass showing the [[Resurrection of Jesus]], [[All Saints Cemetery]] Community Mausoleum, Des Plaines, Illinois](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chapel stained glass, All Saints Cemetery Community Mausoleum, Des Plaines, Illinois, USA.jpg?width=200 "Chapel stained glass showing the [[Resurrection of Jesus]], [[All Saints Cemetery]] Community Mausoleum, Des Plaines, Illinois")
![Stained-glass window in the Benedum mausoleum, [[Homewood Cemetery]], Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2014-08-25-Homewood-Cemetery-Benedum-04.jpg?width=200 "Stained-glass window in the Benedum mausoleum, [[Homewood Cemetery]], Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania")
![Shabaka]] (stained glass) at the [[Palace of Shaki Khans]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shaki khan palace 1.jpg?width=200 "Shabaka]] (stained glass) at the [[Palace of Shaki Khans]]")
.jpg?width=200 "Window y Tiffany from Rochroane Castle, now in the Corning Glass Museum")
![Stained glass skylight at [[Palau de la música catalana]] in [[Barcelona]], Spain](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Skylight and ceiling at Palau de la música catalana.jpg?width=200 "Stained glass skylight at [[Palau de la música catalana]] in [[Barcelona]], Spain")
![Stained glass in the Town Hall, [[Liberec]], Czech Republic](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Liberec, radnice 03.jpg?width=200 "Stained glass in the Town Hall, [[Liberec]], Czech Republic")
![Windows of the Hungarian Room, [[University of Pittsburgh]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HungarianroomWindows.jpg?width=200 "Windows of the Hungarian Room, [[University of Pittsburgh]]")
![The Federal Palace, [[Switzerland]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Federalpalace-dome.jpg?width=200 "The Federal Palace, [[Switzerland]]")
![Abstract design by [[Marcelle Ferron]] at a Metro station in [[Montreal, Quebec]], Canada](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Montreal-Metro,_Champ-de-Mars-20050329.jpg?width=200 "Abstract design by [[Marcelle Ferron]] at a Metro station in [[Montreal, Quebec]], Canada")
![Windows by [[Mordecai Ardon]] at the [[Jewish National and University Library]], [[Jerusalem]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ardon Windows JNUL.jpg?width=200 "Windows by [[Mordecai Ardon]] at the [[Jewish National and University Library]], [[Jerusalem]]")
![Victoria Quarter, Leeds]] (1990) by [[Brian Clarke]], which spans the 400 foot length of the street to form a covered arcade](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Victoria Quarter Leeds modern abstract stained glass canopy by Brian Clarke,1990.jpg?width=200 "Victoria Quarter, Leeds]] (1990) by [[Brian Clarke]], which spans the 400 foot length of the street to form a covered arcade")
![''The Four Seasons'' (1978) by [[Leonard French]] at [[La Trobe University]] Sculpture Park in Melbourne. Australia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leonard French La Trobe 05.jpg?width=200 "''The Four Seasons'' (1978) by [[Leonard French]] at [[La Trobe University]] Sculpture Park in Melbourne. Australia")
![Wrocław Airport]], [[Poland]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ARCHIGLASS Tomasz Urbanowicz Artistic-glass-exhibition-glasshenge-wroclaw-airport-poland.jpg?width=200 "Wrocław Airport]], [[Poland]]")
COLORED GLASS USED AS AN ART MATERIAL
Stained-glass; Stained Glass; Stained-glass window; Stained glass window; Stained glass windows; Stained-glass windows; Stain glass; Stain Glass; Stained-Glass Window; Stained-Glass Windows; Silver stain (glass); Stained-glass artist; Stained Glass Windows; Pot metal glass; History of stained glass
gekleurd glas
burnt at the stake
![A [[Hindu]] widow burning herself with the corpse of her husband, 1820s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A Hindoo Widow Burning Herself with the Corpse of her Husband.jpg?width=200 "A [[Hindu]] widow burning herself with the corpse of her husband, 1820s")
![The burning of a 16th-century Dutch [[Anabaptist]], [[Anneken Hendriks]], who was charged with heresy](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anneken Hendriks, Dam, Amsterdam, by Jan Luyken.jpg?width=200 "The burning of a 16th-century Dutch [[Anabaptist]], [[Anneken Hendriks]], who was charged with heresy")
![Burning of two [[homosexuals]], [[Richard Puller von Hohenburg]] and Anton Mätzler, at the stake outside [[Zürich]], 1482 ([[Spiezer Schilling]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Burning of Sodomites.jpg?width=200 "Burning of two [[homosexuals]], [[Richard Puller von Hohenburg]] and Anton Mätzler, at the stake outside [[Zürich]], 1482 ([[Spiezer Schilling]])")
![Black Death Epidemic]]. ''Antiquitates Flandriae'' ([[Royal Library of Belgium]] manuscript 1376/77).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Doutielt1.jpg?width=200 "Black Death Epidemic]]. ''Antiquitates Flandriae'' ([[Royal Library of Belgium]] manuscript 1376/77).")
![Mariana de Carabajal]] (converted Jew), [[Mexico City]], 1601](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Execution of Mariana de Carabajal.jpg?width=200 "Mariana de Carabajal]] (converted Jew), [[Mexico City]], 1601")
![Cathar]] heretics](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Filip2 albigensti.jpg?width=200 "Cathar]] heretics")
![Hulagu]] (left) imprisons Caliph Al-Musta'sim among his treasures to starve him to death. Medieval depiction from "Le livre des merveilles", 15th century](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HulaguInBagdad.JPG?width=200 "Hulagu]] (left) imprisons Caliph Al-Musta'sim among his treasures to starve him to death. Medieval depiction from \"Le livre des merveilles\", 15th century")
![[[Jan Hus]] burnt at the stake](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jan Hus at the Stake.jpg?width=200 "[[Jan Hus]] burnt at the stake")
![[[Lynching of Jesse Washington]] in [[Waco, Texas]], on May 15, 1916. He was repeatedly lowered and raised onto a fire for about two hours.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lynching of Jesse Washington, 1916 (cropped).jpg?width=200 "[[Lynching of Jesse Washington]] in [[Waco, Texas]], on May 15, 1916. He was repeatedly lowered and raised onto a fire for about two hours.")
![[[Nero's Torches]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Siemiradski Fackeln.jpg?width=200 "[[Nero's Torches]].")
![''Joan of Arc's Death at the Stake'', by [[Hermann Stilke]] (1843)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stilke Hermann Anton - Joan of Arc's Death at the Stake.jpg?width=200 "''Joan of Arc's Death at the Stake'', by [[Hermann Stilke]] (1843)")
![Burning of the [[Knights Templar]], 1314](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Templars Burning.jpg?width=200 "Burning of the [[Knights Templar]], 1314")
![An 18th-century illustration of a wicker man. Engraving from ''A Tour in Wales'' written by [[Thomas Pennant]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Wicker Man of the Druids crop.jpg?width=200 "An 18th-century illustration of a wicker man. Engraving from ''A Tour in Wales'' written by [[Thomas Pennant]]")
![[[Theodor de Bry]] engraving of a Conquistador being executed by gold](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Theodor de Bry 78.jpeg?width=200 "[[Theodor de Bry]] engraving of a Conquistador being executed by gold")
EXECUTION METHOD
Burning at the stake; Burned at the stake; Burnt at the stake; Burned alive at the stake; Execution by fire; Burn at the stake; Burning to death; Burned to death; Burned at a stake; Stake burning; Burned alive; Burning To Death; Execution by burning; Death by fire; Death by combustion; Burning alive; Burn alive; Executed by fire; Burnt to death; György Dózsa on the iron throne; Fire and faggot; Burning of humans; Death by Burning; Burn at stake; Executed by burning; Burned at the stakes
verbrand op de brandstapel
Определение
burning glass
¦ noun a lens for concentrating the sun's rays on an object so as to set fire to it.
Википедия
Burning glass
A burning glass or burning lens is a large convex lens that can concentrate the sun's rays onto a small area, heating up the area and thus resulting in ignition of the exposed surface. Burning mirrors achieve a similar effect by using reflecting surfaces to focus the light. They were used in 18th-century chemical studies for burning materials in closed glass vessels where the products of combustion could be trapped for analysis. The burning glass was a useful contrivance in the days before electrical ignition was easily achieved.
Примеры употребления для burning glass
1. When he regained consciousness, burning glass was "raining", cutting up hundreds of people — "there was a public issue launch that day" — were lying moaning or dead.
2. The poster was blamed for fueling the anger of about 500 youthful protesters whose barricade–burning, glass–breaking rampage forced the People‘s Party to move a pre–election rally from the Bundesplatz, the Federal Square in front of parliament.